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  • Snorting Heroin Side Effects, Dangers, and Addiction Treatment

    Heroin is a highly addictive Schedule I controlled drug. Heroin has a long history—it was first synthesized (as diacetylmorphine) in 1874 from morphine. Paradoxically, heroin was originally marketed as a safer and non-addictive form of morphine. ...

    ... days. Within 16 to 24 hours after your last use, you may experience: 6 Flu-like ... Suboxone (buprenorphine + naloxone)): A partial opioid agonist, this drug relieves drug cravings without producing dangerous side effects ... continue reading
  • Snorting Fentanyl: Long-Term Effects & Dangers

    Fentanyl is a pain-relieving substance with two main uses 1 : Treating significant acute, post-operative pain following surgery. Treating chronic or breakthrough pain in people that no longer respond to other narcotic medications. Like morphine, ...

    ... When a substance reaches the brain quickly, it may produce effects that are more intense but shorter in duration than when ... like buprenorphine (or the combination product, Suboxone—buprenorphine + naloxone) that work like ... continue reading
  • Roxicodone: Effects, Addiction and Treatment

    Roxicodone, one of the brand names for oxycodone, is a powerful prescription opioid painkiller that may be prescribed to treat moderate to severe pain. 1 2 Despite its legitimate medical uses, it has a high potential for misuse and addiction. 1, 2 ...

    ... care after receiving naloxone because the effects do not last long. 7 Symptoms of Roxicodone Overdose ... use disorder, such as methadone, buprenorphine, Suboxone (a buprenorphine/naloxone combination), or naltrexone, ... continue reading
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  • Side Effects of Tussionex Abuse

    Tussionex, a prescription cough medicine, contains a mixture of hydrocodone (an opioid pain reliever) and chlorpheniramine (an antihistamine). In 2008, the FDA issued an alert regarding the dangers of misusing Tussionex, stating that abusing it can ...

    ... of the drug taken to achieve the desired effect. The repeated increase in doses of Tussionex used ... long-term maintenance and may be given in combination with naloxone (as Suboxone). Naltrexone: Blocks the euphoric effects ... continue reading
  • Concurrent Suboxone and Alcohol Abuse

    About Alcohol and Suboxone Alcohol Alcohol is the most commonly abused substance by both teenagers and adults in the United States, according to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). In fact, the CDC found that in any given month, 25% of high ...

    ... enjoyed activities. Depression . Signs of Suboxone Abuse Due to buprenorphine 's ceiling effect—where higher doses do not bring on more intense highs—and naloxone 's withdrawal-inducing effects, it is more difficult to ... continue reading
  • Drugs A-Z

    What Is Acamprosate? Acamprosate is thought to help recovering alcoholics stay sober by balancing inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmission. Acamprosate may be combined with behavioral therapy to decrease a person's chances of relapse and ...

    ... in capsule or pill form. Learn about the long-term effects of ecstasy use . What Is Fentanyl? Fentanyl is ... under the tongue. Learn about the effects of Suboxone use and the Suboxone detox and withdrawal process. What Is ... continue reading
  • Alcohol Misuse and Addiction: Signs, Symptoms, and Treatment

    What Is Alcohol Misuse? According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), alcohol is the most commonly used and misused substance in the United States. 1 Those who misuse alcohol are not necessarily addicted or ...

    ... s chance of developing alcohol use disorder. Certain long-term behaviors like heavy use or binge drinking will ... use disorder in the future. 15 Signs and Health Effects of Alcohol Misuse Alcohol misuse symptoms can vary. ... continue reading
  • Snorting Vicodin: Side Effects, Dangers, and Addiction Treatment

    Vicodin is the brand name for a prescription medication that is frequently used for the treatment of moderate to moderately severe pain. Vicodin is comprised of two active pain relievers: 1 Hydrocodone —an opioid pain reliever. Hydrocodone it is a ...

    ... effect is ... acting and less euphoric range of effects that facilitate scheduled dosing and eventual tapering. Partial opioid agonists like buprenorphine (either as monotherapy, or in combination with naloxone as Suboxone ... continue reading
  • How to Help a Percocet Addict

    Help for Percocet Addicts If you're battling an addiction to Percocet (the combination of acetaminophen and oxycodone - an opiate-derived pain reliever ), you're not alone. According to the 2013 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, approximately ...

    ... category that includes oxycodone formulations. Regardless of how long you've taken Percocet, treatment programs are available ... Mimics the effects of opioids without the addictive high or the withdrawal. Suboxone - ... continue reading
  • Ways of Helping Someone With Drug or Alcohol Addiction

    It can be frustrating to see a loved one struggling with drug or alcohol addiction, especially if one feels as though they should be helping their loved one find treatment or recovery. Many may try to help their addicted loved ones by encouraging ...

    ... . 6 You may be wondering how long treatment programs last. The length of treatment is contingent ... yell or act angry. Enable the person. What Are the Effects of Addiction on Family And Friends? Alcohol and drug addiction is ... continue reading
  • Drug Abuse Policies in the United States

    What Are Drug Policies in the U.S.? In America, drug policy involves the laws that control the distribution and use of both prescription and illicit drugs. From the classification of drugs according to their potential for abuse to the legalization ...

    ... : Have moderate potential for dependency. Have less addictive potential than Schedule I or II drugs. Examples include Suboxone , ketamine , and anabolic steroids . Schedule IV drugs: Have less potential for misuse and a ... continue reading
  • Mind Over Matter: The Psychological Grip of Addiction

    For most people addicted to drugs or alcohol, the compulsive desire to use is complex. That urge is often triggered by certain environments, thoughts or past experiences. And while addiction is classically thought of as a physical dependence, the ...

    ... include medications like acamprosate, naltrexone, Suboxone , or methadone . Medical specialists ... symptoms classically associated with PAWS . Related Reading: Understanding the Effects of Long Term Drug Abuse on the Brain continue reading
  • How to Help a Tussionex Addict

    Tussionex is a combination of hydrocodone, an opioid painkiller and cough suppressant, and chlorpheniramine, an antihistamine which eases allergy symptoms 1 . As a cough medicine, Tussionex is frequently prescribed to both children and adults. It is ...

    ... time getting Tussionex, using it, or recovering from its effects. Frequently failing to cut back or stop using the ... a problem, it is better to act now instead of later. Contrary to popular belief, someone doesn't have to ... continue reading
  • How to Help a Heroin Addict

    More than 590,000 people had a heroin use disorder in the U.S. in 2015, according to the National Institute on Drug Abuse. If you or someone you love is addicted to heroin, you're not alone, and there is help available. Approaching Someone About ...

    ... enters the brain. It has both short-term and long-term effects. Short-term effects of using heroin include: Feeling flushed. Dry mouth. ... Oxycodone Oxycontin Painkiller Percocet Suboxone Subutex Tramadol Tussionex Valium ... continue reading
  • How to Help an Opana Addict

    How to Approach an Opana Addict Opana is the brand name for oxymorphone, a semi-synthetic opioid painkiller . Over the past decade, increased availability of painkillers has fueled an epidemic of opioid abuse around the world. In the US, an ...

    ... to stop using drugs (e.g. physical and psychological effects). The cost of treatment. That treatment hasn't worked ... reward centers of the brain. The combined effect of activation on opioid receptors and heightened ... continue reading
  • Concurrent Alcohol and Heroin Abuse

    Dangers of Abusing Alcohol and Heroin The dangerous combination of alcohol and heroin gets widespread publicity every year from tragedies that remind the public how alcohol amplifies the already powerful effects of heroin on the central nervous ...

    ... combination of heroin and alcohol creates a synergistic effect. Overdoses of heroin and alcohol can put the ... the number of negative concurrent alcohol and heroin abuse effects is many, and this can lead to extreme dangers ... continue reading
  • How to Help an Oxycontin Addict

    OxyContin is a dangerous drug when not used properly, and it's easy to fall into the trap of addiction. Fortunately, there is help out there for anyone who is addicted to the substance, and it's never been easier to get help. How to Approach an ...

    ... order to recreate those feelings. Learn more about the effects of OxyContin use . OxyContin is a form of ... drug no matter how hard you try. It's no longer about controlling pain; OxyContin abuse or addiction is all about ... continue reading
  • How to Help an Opiate Addict

    Help for Opiate Addicts Opiates are some of the most abused drugs in America, with prescription opiates accounting for up to 5.1 million cases of addiction. Around 210 million doses of opiates, including morphine , OxyContin , and Vicodin , were ...

    ... expressed over days, weeks, or months and come to you at a later point asking for help. You can also come back to them at ... opioid abuse by blocking the euphoric effects of opioid use . Understand that detoxification ... continue reading
  • How to Help a Tramadol Addict

    Help for Tramadol Addiction If you have been struggling with an addiction to tramadol, or you know someone who has, finding the proper treatment program is essential. Treatment for addiction can restore your quality of life. Regardless of how long ...

    ... Tramadol Addictive Tramadol History and Statistics Tramadol Long-Term Side Effects Tramadol Overdose Tramadol Withdrawal How to Help ... Oxycodone Oxycontin Painkiller Percocet Suboxone Subutex Tramadol Tussionex Valium ... continue reading
  • How to Help Someone With Valium Addiction

    How to Help Someone Addicted to Valium If you are addicted to Valium—a sedative-hypnotic drug—you don't have to fight your addiction alone. Treatment programs give people with addictions all the support they need to recover. Regardless of how ...

    ... if the medication is taken for a long period of time. To learn more about the dangerous effects attributed to Valium abuse , call our ... Oxycodone Oxycontin Painkiller Percocet Suboxone Subutex Tramadol Tussionex Valium ... continue reading
  • How to Help a Vicodin Addict

    Help for Vicodin Addiction Vicodin is one of the many brand names for the combination of acetaminophen and hydrocodone . Hydrocodone is an opioid used to treat moderate and severe pain , as well as being a treatment for coughs. The acetaminophen is ...

    ... approaching them about getting help before it's too late. The process of confronting your loved one about their ... Do you need to take more and more to feel the effects of the drug (a sign of tolerance)? Have you ever ... continue reading
  • How to Help an Alprazolam Addict

    Help for Alprazolam Addicts Alprazolam—marketed under the brand name Xanax —is a benzodiazepine used to treat anxiety and panic disorders . Similar to the effects of alcohol, alprazolam works by depressing brain functions . Abuse of this drug ...

    ... anxiety and panic disorders . Similar to the effects of alcohol, alprazolam works by depressing brain ... following questions: Do you feel as if you are no longer in control of how much alprazolam you are taking? Do ... continue reading
  • How to Help Someone With Alcohol Addiction

    In the United States, alcohol use is highly prevalent. According to the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, around 138 million people, or 50% of those people aged 12 and older, reported prior month use of alcohol. 1 You may be concerned ...

    ... is that if you are concerned, act now rather than later. You can: 11 Offer your help to them, ... adequate length of time is critical to long-term recovery, with longer stays in treatment associated with better outcomes ... continue reading
  • Effects of Peyote Abuse: Short-Term, Long-Term, Side Effects, and Treatment

    What Is Peyote Used For? Peyote (or mescaline) belongs to a class of drugs known as hallucinogens. Mescaline is the active hallucinogenic ingredient in peyote, which is a small, spineless cactus. 1 The top, or crown, of the peyote cactus has ...

    ... has been linked to abnormalities in developing fetuses. 4 How Long Do Peyote Effects Last? Peyote, like many other hallucinogens, is a relatively long-acting drug. The effects of peyote can start to be felt between 20 to ... continue reading
  • What Are Hallucinogens? Short- and Long-Term Side Effects and Treatment

    Hallucinogens are drugs that alter the user's thinking processes and perception in a manner that leads to significant distortions of reality. To many, the influence of these drugs represents experiences of new and even expanded consciousness and, ...

    ... surrounding the long-term effects of ayahuasca use. The tea doesn't appear to cause any lasting physical or ... types of PCP were sold on the street between the late 1960s and 1990s 18 and many illegal samples contain PCC, ... continue reading
  • Effects of Alcohol Use: Short-Term, Long-Term, Side Effects, and Treatment

    While alcohol is widely used in the United States, it can have an array of harmful effects. A 2019 survey reported that 85.6% of Americans aged 18 and over had consumed alcohol at some time in their life, nearly 70% of people had consumed alcohol ...

    ... , or restless. Long-Term Effects of Alcohol Abuse Over time, the negative effects of alcohol can impact ... typically begin within 4 hours to a day after your last drink, becoming most intense after 2 days, and resolving ... continue reading
  • Effects of Hydromorphone Abuse: Short-Term, Long-Term, Side Effects, and Treatment

    What Is Hydromorphone Used For? Hydromorphone (brand names: Dilaudid, Exalgo) is a powerful semi-synthetic opioid painkiller used in both hospital settings and as part of a long-term treatment regimen for significant pain in opioid-tolerant ...

    ... drug has some inherent dangers (possible side effects) even when used as directed, the ... last use, depending on how the substance was used. Symptoms of Hydromorphone Addiction Arguably, the most damaging long-term effect ... continue reading
  • Effects of Stimulant Drugs: Short-Term, Long-Term, Side Effects, and Treatment

    What Are Stimulants Used For? Stimulants are a class of substances that increase certain types of cell signaling and amplify various physiologic processes throughout the brain and body. In particular, many types of stimulant drugs are associated ...

    ... and mental health issues . Long-Term Effects of Stimulants The effects of stimulant use can extend ... have options for getting help . It's never too late to make the first step toward recovery. Stimulant Withdrawal Treatment ... continue reading
  • Effects of Desoxyn Abuse: Short-Term, Long-Term, Side Effects, and Treatment

    What Is Desoxyn Used For? Desoxyn is a prescription drug that is indicated to treat two conditions: 1,2 Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children 6 and older. Exogenous obesity (obesity due to overeating) in individuals 12 years ...

    ... is more potent than the aforementioned drugs, and its effects can last for up to 8 hours. 2 Prescription stimulant ... . Stroke. Heart attack. Death. Long-Term Effects on the Brain Long-term Desoxyn use can affect the way ... continue reading
  • The Effects of Vicodin Use: Short-Term, Long-Term, Side Effects, and Treatment

    What Is Vicodin Used For? Vicodin is an prescription painkiller medication that is comprised of two substances: Hydrocodone . Acetaminophen . Hydrocodone is an opiate drug that works as a pain reliever and is useful in managing multiple levels of ...

    ... graders, and 4.8% of 12 th graders using Vicodin in the last year. In an effort to limit its potential for abuse, Vicodin was ... other intoxicating substances. Long-Term Effects of Vicodin Use Long-term Vicodin use has the ... continue reading
  • Effects of Heroin Use: Short-Term, Long-Term, Side Effects, and Treatment

    Is Heroin Harmful? Heroin is the name for a modified version of morphine that is a very addictive and illegal opioid drug . The drug is available on the illicit market in a number of different varieties, with purer product tending to occur in white ...

    ... sensations of reward that can kickstart and later reinforce a growing addiction , as the ... Long-Term Effects of Heroin Use There is a wide range of effects caused by long-term heroin use . People who use heroin for long ... continue reading
  • Effects of Steroid Use: Short-Term, Long-Term, Side Effects, and Treatment

    Are Steroids Harmful? Some steroids can be incredibly harmful to those who take them. Conversely, some types of steroids are used to help people with inflammatory conditions like chronic bronchitis, but these are categorized as corticosteroids . ...

    ... 's outward appearance or their behaviors. Some long-term effects of steroid abuse cannot be observed. Although ... be the most dangerous effect of withdrawal, because it can be intense and long-lasting. In some case, ... continue reading
  • Effects of Psilocybin Use: Short-Term, Long-Term, Side Effects, and Treatment

    Is Psilocybin Harmful? Psilocybin is a naturally occurring fungal alkaloid—a chemical compound that is found in more than 100 species of mushrooms (also known as magic mushrooms or shrooms). 1 When ingested, psilocybin is metabolized into a ...

    ... reported to develop even after a single use of psilocybin, the risks of experiencing these adverse effects may be increased with long-term use: 1,2 Drug-induced psychosis, a condition in which a person's thoughts become ... continue reading
  • The Effects of Dextroamphetamine Use: Short-Term, Long-Term, Side Effects, and Treatment

    What Is Dextroamphetamine? Dextroamphetamine is a prescription stimulant used in the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. Dextroamphetamine is commonly found under the brand names Dexedrine and ProCentra, as ...

    ... combined with other substances. Long-Term Effects of Abusing Dextroamphetamine Long-term use of this substance can ... effect of chronic abuse is psychosis that is “clinically indistinguishable from schizophrenia.” Long-term ... continue reading
  • The Effects of Adderall Use: Short-Term, Long-Term, Side Effects, and Treatment

    What Is Adderall Used For? Adderall is a form of amphetamine prescribed for the treatment of: 1 Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Narcolepsy. It is available in 2 forms : immediate release and extended release. 1 Both forms are ...

    ... Short-Term Effects When used for short periods as prescribed by a physician, Adderall has the positive effect of ... Paranoia. Long-Term Effects Of Adderall Use Chronic abuse of Adderall may result in effects such as ... continue reading
  • Effects of Methoxetamine Use: Short-Term, Long-Term, Side Effects, and Treatment

    Is MXE Harmful? MXE, also known as methoxetamine, is a substance with similar chemical properties to ketamine and phencyclidine (PCP) , two illicit drugs known for their hallucinogenic and dissociative properties. 1 MXE is an odorless, white powder ...

    ... Nausea. Vomiting. Long-Term Effects of Abusing MXE Unfortunately, the long-term negative effects of MXE use ... an effect with the same amount of a drug or needing larger amounts in order to achieve the desired effects). ... continue reading
  • Effects of Bath Salts Use: Short-Term, Long-Term, Side Effects, and Treatment

    Are Bath Salts Harmful? The term “bath salts” refers to a family of designer recreational drugs that contain one or more synthetic chemicals related to cathinone —a stimulant found in the khat plant with effects similar to those of amphetamine ...

    ... of coordination. Malnutrition. Arguably, the most dangerous side effect of these drugs is the risk of addiction . ... Long-Term Effects of Bath Salts Use The long-term effects of bath salts include many serious side effects ... continue reading
  • Effects of Meth Use: Short-Term, Long-Term, Side Effects, and Treatment

    Is Meth Harmful? Meth—the abbreviated colloquialism for methamphetamine—is a wildly addictive and dangerous substance. Users can rapidly become dependent on its effects, which present a number of health risks. The illegal production and ...

    ... teeth are not uncommon, and significant weight loss can occur . Short-term side effects may be temporary, but long-term side effects can cause irreversible damage to the body. Because it is addictive in nature, those ... continue reading
  • Effects of Ativan Use: Short-Term, Long-Term, Side Effects, and Treatment

    Is Ativan Harmful? Ativan (generic name: lorazepam) is classified as a benzodiazepine medication used primarily for the short-term treatment of anxiety and seizure activity. It is sometimes used to manage intractable insomnia, and as a sedative for ...

    ... associated with existing dementia. Tolerance A common long-term effect of Ativan use is the development of tolerance ... call free at . Effects of Withdrawal Withdrawal from Ativan occurs soon after the last dose is taken and ... continue reading
  • Effects of PCP Use: Short-Term, Long-Term, Side Effects, and Treatment

    What Is PCP? PCP is an abbreviation for the powerful dissociative sedative drug phencyclidine. PCP is sold on the street in many forms, including as: White powder. Crystal. Capsules. Tablets. Liquid. PCP tablets can be found in multiple colors. Like ...

    ... term effects can be quite dangerous; case studies indicate that some of these reported symptoms may persist for as long as a year following last use of PCP. Is PCP Harmful? Perhaps deservedly so, PCP has developed a very ... continue reading
  • Effects of Clonazepam Use: Short-Term, Long-Term, Side Effects, and Treatment

    What Is Clonazepam Used For? Clonazepam, commonly known by its brand name Klonopin , is a prescription medication commonly used for its anti-anxiety and anti-convulsant benefits. This medication is part of a larger group of substances called ...

    ... of overdose. Long-Term Effects of Clonazepam Use Clonazepam is not generally recommended for long-term use because ... stops taking clonazepam, they will experience a rebound effect. This means that the problems which the ... continue reading
  • Effects of Inhalant Use: Short-Term, Long-Term, Side Effects, and Treatment

    What Are Inhalants? There is a huge number of inhalants available for abuse, and they're fairly easy to obtain. It's unsurprising that teens in particular are susceptible to inhalant abuse, simply because these compounds can be acquired at any ...

    ... t closely mimic the effects of CNS depressants. Generally, people experience mild highs that last for a short ... the inhalant has blistered the skin. Harmful Long-Term Effects of Inhalants Like abuse of many drugs, ... continue reading
  • Effects of Methadone Use: Short-Term, Long-Term, Side Effects, and Treatment

    Methadone is a long-acting opioid agonist that is FDA-approved to treat opioid use disorder (OUD). Methadone also has a role in pain management. When used correctly, as prescribed, methadone is safe and effective. This article will help you ...

    ... of opioid withdrawal may linger for weeks after the last use, and methadone can help control these symptoms. 2 Methadone has many positive long-term effects, such as reducing opioid overdose deaths, lower rates of ... continue reading
  • Long-Term Side Effects of Zolpidem Abuse

    What Is Zolpidem Used For? Zolpidem is a hypnotic, or sleep-promoting substance found in some prescription insomnia medications, including the sleeping pill Ambien. 1 As a sedative-hypnotic substance, zolpidem use can impart a sense of euphoria and ...

    ... effects can last through to the next day, even with overnight abstinence. 1 Memory problems are another potential side effect ... is intended for short-term use only, and long-term users run the risk of becoming dependent on ... continue reading
  • Effects of Hashish Use: Short-Term, Long-Term, Side Effects, and Treatment

    What Is Hashish? Hashish comes mainly from the flowers (as well as the leaves and stems) of the cannabis plant. The active ingredient in hash is the same as the active ingredient in marijuana, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). However, the ...

    ... attacks, confusion, and a sense of a loss of control. An inability to make sound decisions. Long-Term Effects of Hashish Addiction Individuals who chronically use or abuse hashish or other cannabis products may have ... continue reading
  • The Effects of OxyContin Use: Short-Term, Long-Term, Side Effects, and Treatment

    What Is OxyContin Used For? OxyContin is an opiate that is often prescribed for moderate-to-strong post-surgical pain or more chronic pain situations. Prescription rates are high in the United States. The drug contains oxycodone —a substance that ...

    ... sign of opiate abuse ). Long-Term Effects of OxyContin Use Opiates may have severe effects on the brain and body , and OxyContin is no exception. Long-term effects include severe constipation and persistent vomiting ... continue reading
  • Effects of Benzodiazepine Use: Short-Term, Long-Term, Side Effects, and Treatment

    Are Benzodiazepines Harmful? Benzodiazepines, or “benzos,” are drugs prescribed to help control anxiety and seizure disorders. They are central nervous depressants, which means that they slow brain activity. Taken in small doses over short ...

    ... , such as assault or burglary. While these long-term effects do not occur in all users, they are ... it takes greater amounts of the drug to achieve the same effect as a smaller dose previously did. This tolerance can occur ... continue reading
  • What Are the Effects of Ambien Use?

    What Is Zolpidem/Ambien Used For? Ambien is the brand name for zolpidem tartrate, a sedative-hypnotic. When you take Ambien correctly, it can make you feel relaxed, comfortable, and sleepy. The United States Drug Enforcement Agency classifies the ...

    ... increase the size of your dosage if you want to feel the same effects you did when you first took the drug. 2 Another long-term effect of Ambien use is insomnia. Consequently, many sufferers increase the size of their ... continue reading
  • Snorting Vyvanse: Effects and Addiction Treatment

    What Is Vyvanse Used For? Vyvanse is the brand name of a medication prescribed to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and binge-eating disorder (BED). 1 This substance is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that interacts with ...

    ... stimulants, Vyvanse can be abused by people seeking pleasurable effects from the drug. Those seeking a high may attempt ... and lack of motivation can last for more than four months following last use. 7 To manage symptoms ... continue reading
  • Stimulant Drug Abuse: Side Effects and Addiction Treatment

    Stimulants—both illicit and prescription—are known to increase energy and alertness. Prescription stimulants can offer therapeutic benefits when used as prescribed. However, both prescription and illicit stimulants have a high propensity for ...

    ... injected. 1,6,14 How a stimulant is used can influence how quickly the effects are felt and how long they last. 6,11,14 Stimulant effects may be felt most rapidly and intensely when the substances are injected or smoked ... continue reading
  • DMT Drug Abuse Effects, Symptoms, and Treatment Programs

    What Is DMT? DMT (dimethyltryptamine) is a hallucinogen capable of inducing a psychedelic “trip,” which typically ranges from 30 to 45 minutes in duration. 1 DMT is a Schedule 1 drug under the Controlled Substance Act and has no recognized ...

    ... in the body to produce a high. Ayahuasca produces different effects than synthetic DMT, with the trip lasting much longer. Some users claim that the trip can last up to 10 hours. Because it is taken orally, ayahuasca ... continue reading
  • Xanax Addiction Side Effects, Withdrawal and Treatment

    Xanax is a commonly prescribed medication used to treat specific anxiety disorders, such as panic disorder. Alprazolam is the generic name for Xanax, and this specific prescription medication belongs to the class of drugs called benzodiazepines, or ...

    ... Xanax to achieve the desired effect. Withdrawal. Xanax Side Effects Central nervous system depressants such ... and around-the-clock care. 17 Inpatient treatment can last for anywhere from a few weeks to a few months ... continue reading
  • Acid Drug Abuse Side Effects, Symptoms, and Addiction Treatment

    What Is LSD or Acid? D-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD, acid, blotter) belongs to a group of drugs known as hallucinogens. Like other hallucinogens such as peyote (mescaline) and psilocybin (magic mushrooms) , LSD produces images, sounds, and other ...

    ... health. Unfortunately, LSD does have long-term psychiatric effects on some abusers, who may continue to experience hallucinations and other visual disturbances long after the last use. The phenomenon of experiencing ... continue reading
  • Effects of Cocaine Use: Short-Term, Long-Term, & Side Effects

    Cocaine is a Schedule II illegal stimulant drug that is highly addictive. It is often used recreationally, and there is a range of dangers associated with the use of cocaine. This page will talk about: What cocaine is and how it is used. Cocaine's ...

    ... ingested. Snorting , smoking, or injecting cocaine intravenously can impact how quickly the effects are felt, how long the effects last, and the risk of developing cocaine addiction. The faster the drug is absorbed into ... continue reading
  • Cocaine Addiction Side Effects, Symptoms, Withdrawal, and Treatment

    Cocaine is a powerfully addictive stimulant drug that comes in the form of a white powder which is commonly snorted, smoked, or injected. 1 Its popularity as a recreational substance is in part due to its perceived positive effects on mood, ...

    ... drug and the user is not aware). 11 Dangerous effects can occur due to polysubstance use. Mixing cocaine with ... some or all of my treatment? How long will the program last? Will my treatment program accommodate any special ... continue reading
  • Zolpidem Abuse Symptoms, Side Effects, and Treatment Programs

    What Is Zolpidem? Zolpidem tartrate is a sedative-hypnotic agent found in many prescription sleep aid drugs used to treat insomnia. 1 The most widely known brand name formulation of zolpidem in the U.S. is Ambien. The pharmacological effects of ...

    ... addiction , and zolpidem users may find themselves addicted after long-term use/misuse of the drug. 6,7 Those with a ... check out the following articles: “The Ambien Effect” Effects of Ambien Use How to Help an Ambien ... continue reading
  • Effects of Acid (LSD): Short-Term, Long-Term, and Side Effects

    What Is LSD (Acid)? D-lysergic acid diethylamide, better known as LSD or “acid,” is a hallucinogenic drug made from lysergic acid, a natural chemical found in a fungus that grows on rye called Claviceps purpurea . LSD was first created in 1938 ...

    ... produce temporary symptoms similar to psychosis that typically last between 6 and 10 hours. 2 These ... long-lasting, and has a significant negative effect on other aspects of a user's life. The distressing effects of ... continue reading
  • Long-Term Effects of Molly, Side Effects, and Addiction Treatment

    MDMA Drug Information Ecstasy is the more common street name for 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine—a highly addictive, illicit drug also known as MDMA , or “Molly.” This drug shares chemical structural similarities with both amphetamine and ...

    ... person's risk of experiencing adverse side effects. 8 MDMA's intoxicating effects can last up to 8 hours. It's ... brain swelling due to water retention. 8 Long-Term Effects of Molly Because it enhances the release and ... continue reading
  • Effects of Alcohol and Drugs on the Male and Female Reproductive Systems

    How Do Drugs Affect the Reproductive System? Substance misuse can negatively impact the reproductive health of both sexes in several ways. It may contribute to serious health problems, such as sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), infertility, and ...

    ... alcohol while pregnant can lead to serious long-term effects on infants. Alcohol use during the ... standard beers) and should allow 2 hours between the last drink and breastfeeding. Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)—SIDS ... continue reading
  • The Effects of Opana Use

    Is Opana Harmful? Opana is a prescription opioid pain-reliever containing the active ingredient oxymorphone. Oxymorphone is a semi-synthetic opioid agonist, meaning it binds to the opioid receptors in your brain to elicit its effects. You may have ...

    ... in turn, suffer lasting effects of depriving your brain of oxygen such as difficulties with attention and memory. The common side effect of constipation may also be harmful to the body over the long-term and can lead to ... continue reading
  • Effects of Ketamine Use: Short-Term, Long-Term, and Side Effects

    Is Ketamine Dangerous? “It's easy to get ketamine abuse wrong because of its potency; it's more powerful than speed or coke weight for weight, so it's easy to accidentally overdose.” Like its sister drug CP, ketamine is a dissociative ...

    ... out of their bodies . Many experience hallucinations that can last longer than the anesthetic effects. Higher doses can produce more intense effects, with users reporting complete and utter detachment from their bodies ... continue reading
  • Adverse Effects of Tramadol Use

    Tramadol is a synthetic opioid that is prescribed for managing pain. 1 Tramadol is a somewhat atypical painkiller due to its activity within noradrenergic and serotonergic neurotransmitter systems, in addition to its effects as a weak opioid ...

    ... coma, and death. 2 There are both long-term effects of tramadol use and short-term effects, so adverse effects can be both short term and lasting. Tramadol Dependence Long-term use or misuse of opioids like tramadol may ... continue reading
  • Bath Salts Abuse Side Effects, Symptoms, and Addiction Treatment

    What Are Bath Salts Used For? The drugs widely sold as bath salts and under other similar names are alleged to produce dramatic effects in their users. Perhaps one of the most famous incidents of apparent bath salts abuse involved a spate of ...

    ... is not uncommon. Ultimately, the most dangerous side effect of bath salts use appears to be addiction ... to seek treatment. The effects of a bath salts addiction can be harmful and long-lasting. When young people experiment ... continue reading
  • Effects of Crystal Meth Use: Short-Term, Long-Term, & Side Effects

    What Is Methamphetamine Used For? Methamphetamine is a highly addictive stimulant that can have long-lasting effects on the body. This is a man-made substance that—with the advent of other more efficacious prescription stimulants—now has limited ...

    ... is a highly addictive stimulant that can have long-lasting effects on the body. This is a man- ... increase in energy and alertness —effects that can last for up to 12 hours. Other desired effects of crystal meth include: An ... continue reading
  • Health Effects of Drug Misuse and Addiction

    Substance misuse and addiction can have serious short- and long-term effects. 1 The physical effects of drugs and alcohol vary according to the type of substance, duration of use, and method of administration. 1 Recovering from addiction can be a ...

    ... side effect profiles with misuse. 8 Long-Term Health Effects of Drug Misuse Repeated long-term use ... one is struggling with addiction, it is never too late to get started. Your insurance coverage often includes substance ... continue reading
  • Snorting Ritalin Side Effects, Dangers, and Addiction Help

    What Does Ritalin Do? Ritalin is sold as both an immediate-release and an extended-release medication. 2 Extended-release Ritalin is designed to gradually release methylphenidate into the bloodstream throughout the day, rather than all at once. ...

    ... of the side effects of sniffing Ritalin may be reversible, others can have lasting consequences. Can Snorting ... using the drug once or after using it over a long period of time. Ritalin overdose symptoms may include: 2 ... continue reading
  • Short-Term Effects, Long-Term Effects, and Side Effects of DMT Misuse

    Is DMT Harmful? DMT (dimethyltryptamine) is a hallucinogenic compound found naturally in a variety of plant species and produced endogenously in the human brain. Although the brain produces it naturally, the compound itself is still a Schedule 1 ...

    ... the duration of the trip is much shorter, lasting approximately 30 to 45 minutes rather than several hours ... Long-Term Effects of DMT Abuse More research needs to be done in order to determine the long-term negative effects ... continue reading
  • Diazepam Abuse Side Effects, Overdose, and Addiction Treatment

    Diazepam is the generic name for Valium . It is one of many benzodiazepine substances that affect the central nervous system (CNS) by amplifying the depressant effects of GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, to subsequently decrease brain activity. ...

    ... symptoms like: 1 Anxiety . Agitation. Irritability. Anger. Hallucinations. Delusions. Nightmares. Sleeping problems. Effects of Diazepam Addiction Long-term abuse of diazepam can have a sizable impact on one's health and ... continue reading
  • Vyvanse Side Effects, Short-Term and Long-Term Effects, and Treatment

    What Is Vyvanse Used For? Vyvanse is a brand name for the medication lisdexamfetamine that is prescribed to treat Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and binge-eating disorders. 1,2 Vyvanse belongs to a class of medicines known as ...

    ... weight in children. Paranoia. Hostility. Psychosis. Effects of long-term abuse may vary depending on the method of ... from the medication. Detox programs are short term, lasting a few days, and they provide 24/7 monitoring ... continue reading
  • The Side Effects of Xanax: Pill Use and Short-Term and Long-Term Effects

    What Is Xanax Used For? Xanax (generic name: alprazolam) is a powerful benzodiazepine drug that is used to treat anxiety and panic disorders by decreasing abnormal excitement in the brain. 1,2 The medication comes in the form of a pill that quickly ...

    ... Credit: American Addiction Centers What Are the Lasting Health Effects of Xanax Abuse? Persistent Xanax abuse ... frequency of use to achieve the same or similar effect that the substance had on you when you began taking ... continue reading
  • Hash Side Effects, Symptoms of Abuse, and Addiction Treatment

    What Is Hashish? Hashish is a product extracted from the trichomes (fine hair-like outgrowths) of the cannabis plant, as well as from the flowers and fragments of leaves and stems. Hashish is typically sold in blocks of solid resinous preparations, ...

    ... motivation. Impaired ability to pay attention. Delusional thoughts. Hallucinations. Learn more about the effects of hashish use . Long-Term Effects of Hash Abuse Using hash over an extended period of time may produce a ... continue reading
  • What Is Crack Cocaine? Side Effects, Crack Withdrawal, and Addiction Treatment

    What Is Crack Cocaine? Crack cocaine is an addictive stimulant drug that is the rock crystal form of powdered cocaine. 1,2,5 Crack cocaine is a more potent form of cocaine that is processed so that it can be smoked, which provides an immediate high. ...

    ... , and a sense of grandiosity. 2,8 There are a range of physical and mental health effects associated with short-term and long-term crack cocaine use, including: 2,6,8,10 Abnormal heart rhythms. Anxiety or panic attacks ... continue reading
  • MXE Drug Abuse Symptoms, Side Effects, and Addiction Treatment

    What Is MXE? Methoxetamine—also known as MXE—is a drug similar to ketamine and known for its hallucinogenic and dissociative properties. 1 MXE (sometimes called “Mexxy,” “M-ket,” “Special M,” or “legal ketamine”) is commonly sold ...

    ... goers. 2 This may be due, in part, to the fact that MXE offers a slower onset time and longer duration of peak effects compared to ketamine. 3 MXE can be found in powder, tablet, capsule, or liquid form, and it may be ... continue reading
  • Ketamine Abuse Signs, Symptoms, Side Effects, and Addiction Treatment

    What Is Ketamine? Ketamine (often called “K,” “Special K,” or “Vitamin K”) is a potent dissociative anesthetic , meaning it provides feelings of detachment from one's body. Commonly used in veterinary medicine , this drug has become ...

    ... of Ketamine Abuse Ketamine is a rather unpleasant drug in the long term. It tends to cause a wide variety of effects relating to almost every area of the body. In the stomach, it often causes severe abdominal pain ... continue reading
  • PCP Abuse Symptoms, Side Effects, and Addiction Treatment

    What Is PCP? PCP is phencyclidine. Similar to ketamine, it is a dissociative anesthetic that causes: Hallucinations. Out-of-body experiences. Delusions. Irrationality. The DEA has PCP listed as a Schedule II drug, which means it has a high potential ...

    ... more of the drug to achieve the same effects, the risks of long-term damage are heightened. It has been reported ... it can be planned and timed for maximum effect. Find Phencyclidine Abuse Treatment Programs The Council on ... continue reading
  • Side Effects of Diazepam Abuse—Short-Term and Long-Term Effects

    Diazepam is a benzodiazepine commonly prescribed under the brand name Valium. This substance depresses the central nervous system (CNS) to manage: 1,2 Anxiety. Muscle spasms. Seizures. Alcohol withdrawal symptoms. Is Diazepam Harmful? Despite ...

    ... . Prescription painkillers . Barbiturates . Certain cold or cough medications, like dextromethorphan (DXM) . Long-Term Effects of Diazepam Abuse Diazepam can contribute to numerous physical and mental symptoms over the ... continue reading
  • Side Effects of ACTIQ Abuse

    ACTIQ is a brand name for fentanyl, an extremely powerful opioid painkiller that is used only for severe pain such as breakthrough cancer pain 1 . Fentanyl is available in a number of formulations and delivery methods, including 2,3,4 : Tablets and ...

    ... much higher levels of this drug (and/or repeated administration) before the antidote takes effect 2 . Long-Term Effects of Abuse In the long term, someone abusing ACTIQ could see an increase in severity and frequency of ... continue reading
  • Tussionex Abuse Symptoms, Side Effects, and Treatment

    What Is Tussionex? Tussionex is a prescription medication that includes a combination of chlorpheniramine—an antihistamine 1 —and the opioid painkiller hydrocodone . It is prescribed to treat respiratory symptoms—such as coughs—related to ...

    ... requiring more of the drug to achieve the desired effect or high. Experiencing withdrawal symptoms when Tussionex use is ... and make decisions. 6 Other potential long-term effects of Tussionex or Tussicaps abuse include: ... continue reading
  • The Effects of Alcohol on the Body

    Drinking alcohol puts you in a league with 70% of Americans who also do. And though nights spent with a beer, a glass of your favorite wine, or a mixed drink might seem like harmless fun, do you really know how it's affecting your body? Like all ...

    ... . The depression of brain centers can also trigger adverse effects on memory. Even just a few drinks can impact ... , alcohol can have a much more sinister effect for long-term drinkers or binge drinkers. Alcohol can inflame ... continue reading
  • Side Effects of Hydrocodone Misuse & Addiction

    Hydrocodone is a semi-synthetic opioid that has a similar effect to morphine and is prescribed as a cough suppressant or to manage specific types of pain. 1 The most commonly known brands of hydrocodone are Vicodin and Lortab. 1 In this article, you ...

    ... when more hydrocodone is required to get the same effects you are used to experiencing from a smaller ... have completed detox. It may be recommended for long-term hydrocodone users. During inpatient rehab, medications may ... continue reading
  • Side Effects of Librium Use, Withdrawal and Addiction Treatment

    What Is Librium Used For? Librium—which is a brand name formulation of chlordiazepoxide—belongs to a class of sedative medications known as benzodiazepines. Librium has been widely used as a treatment for anxiety and for managing the symptoms of ...

    ... misuse or abuse can lead to the following long-term effects: Physical drug dependence : Physical dependence develops due ... who do not misuse the drug and is a normal effect of continued use of any drug, it can be a ... continue reading
  • The Effects of Lorazepam Use

    About Lorazepam Lorazepam is an anti-anxiety medication that promotes relaxation by tempering excitatory brain activity. Also marketed under the brand name Ativan , it is only available by prescription. Lorazepam is most commonly orally ingested as ...

    ... use. Sudden withdrawal from long-term use can cause problems. As such, many medical professionals advise tapering off lorazepam gradually. Short-Term Effects The primary short-term effect of lorazepam use is relaxation ... continue reading
  • Side Effects of Prescription Painkiller Abuse

    If you use or misuse prescription painkillers, you should understand the potential for painkiller side effects that may occur with use, misuse, and addiction. Learning more about the short- and long-term side effects of painkiller medications, ...

    ... chronic use, people may also have a risk of long-term effects on the body and brain, such as: Worsening pain ... and people who misuse opioid painkillers to experience this effect can have an increased risk of addiction (OUD ... continue reading
  • Side Effects of Percocet Misuse & Addiction

    Percocet is the brand name for a powerful pain relief medication that is generally prescribed to address acute pain and is not intended to be taken for long periods of time. 1 Most often, Percocet is prescribed to address the type of pain someone ...

    ... in addition to the risk of addiction. 1 This article will talk about the various side effects of short- and long-term use of Percocet, and the dangers of misuse of Percocet. The article will also discuss how to access ... continue reading
  • Crystal Meth Abuse Side Effects, Symptoms, and Addiction Treatment

    What Is Crystal Meth? Crystal methamphetamine (crystal meth) is a powerful central nervous stimulant with highly addictive properties . Crystal meth is the illicit, crystalline form of methamphetamine. Legally manufactured methamphetamine is ...

    ... . Seizures. Respiratory disease. Heart disease. Cardiac arrest. Stroke. Death. Other potential long-term health effects of crystal meth abuse include: Microvascular hemorrhage. Eye damage. Vision impairment. Markedly ... continue reading
  • Steroid Abuse Side Effects, Signs, and Addiction Treatment

    What Is a Steroid? Steroids are lifesavers in many situations. For example, corticosteroids open up the lungs to allow for increased breathing during asthma attacks. However, there are different types of steroids. Some steroids can be incredibly ...

    ... It can also permanently deepen the voice. Long-term effects of steroid use for both sexes include increases ... can also weaken the bones, leading to serious problems in later life. Learn more about teen drug misuse . How to ... continue reading
  • Opioid Effects: Short- and Long-Term and Treatment

    Opioid use, misuse, and addiction come with a variety of side effects. In this article you'll learn about opioids and their short- and long-term effects. We'll also discuss opioid addiction and overdose, effects of injection drug use, opioid ...

    ... of opioid use include: 3,8 Drowsiness. Confusion. Nausea. Constipation. Slowed breathing/respiratory depression. Long-Term Effects of Opioids Hypoxia (reduced levels of oxygen in your body tissues) can lead to both short ... continue reading
  • The Effects of Meth on Your Body

    During the past two decades, illicit methamphetamine - also known as crystal meth - has presented one of the largest and most dangerous drug epidemics in America. This extremely powerful stimulant, which can be smoked, injected, snorted, or eaten, ...

    ... a variety of ways. The effects of meth can impact several crucial organ systems and cause long-term harm to the body, ... and even death. Meth also has a strong effect on neurotransmitters in the brain, such as dopamine and ... continue reading
  • Meth Abuse Signs, Symptoms, Effects, and Treatment

    Methamphetamine is a psychostimulant often abused for the euphoric “high” it provides. Some signs of meth abuse include frequent paranoia, agitation, sweating, insomnia, skin changes, weight loss, and more. Abusing this powerfully addictive drug ...

    ... and mental effects over time. Some of the most common long-term side effects of methamphetamine abuse ... among adolescents has declined since reaching a peak in the late 1990s. In 1999, Monitoring the Future, a national ... continue reading
  • Symptoms of Date Rape Drugs: Effects & Signs of Being Roofied

    Rape is a serious criminal act, with the potential for severe and lasting repercussions on the victim's life. Rape involves sexually taking advantage of another person without their consent, and this includes having sex with a person who is ...

    ... come on quickly—they are usually felt within 1-30 minutes of ingestion and last about an hour. 7 Depending on the dose, effects may range from sedation and pain relief to amnesia and dissociation , wherein the person ... continue reading
  • Snorting Adderall: Side Effects and Addiction Treatment

    What Does Adderall Do? Adderall is a prescription stimulant used and abused for its ability to increase energy and mental focus, as well as for its potential to elicit pleasurable feelings at high enough doses. 1 It is prescribed for the treatment ...

    ... pill forms. Adderall IR's effects last for 4 to 6 hours, while Adderall XR's effects may last the duration of the day. ... to work on their recovery; however, stays usually last longer (between 30 days and 90 days ) and the ... continue reading
  • Phenobarbital Abuse Side Effects, Symptoms, and Addiction Treatment

    What Is Phenobarbital Used For? Phenobarbital is a barbiturate that depresses the central nervous system . It is used as a sedative-hypnotic often prescribed for the treatment of seizures. Additional uses for this drug include the treatment of ...

    ... use and will not cause significant negative side effects because it is prescribed. Phenobarbital is potentially ... teens because they can produce a similar effect to that of alcohol , which can as last for up to 12 hours. Be ... continue reading
  • Harmful Effects of Smoking During Pregnancy and How to Stop

    In the U.S., there are an estimated 42 million people (nearly 18% of the total population) who currently smoke. 1 Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable disease, disability, and death in the U.S. In fact, smoking accounts for nearly 1 in ...

    ... effects can last throughout a child's lifetime. Studies have found that children who are exposed to tobacco in utero have significantly higher odds of having a learning disability later ... a day. Take long, slow breaths to ... continue reading
  • Your Brain on Drugs: Studying Cocaine's Effect on Blood Flow

    Stimulant drugs like cocaine can cause serious blood flow problems within the brain. When there is an insufficient flow of rich, oxygenated blood to the brain, it can result in aneurysm-like bleeding and strokes. Researchers have developed a new ...

    ... the Brain Doctors and researchers are always searching for better ways to understand drugs such as cocaine and their effects on the brain. With these new imaging methods, Pan and his team of neural experts were able to ... continue reading
  • Wellbutrin Side Effects, Symptoms of Abuse, and Addiction Treatment

    What Is Wellbutrin Used For? Bupropion (Wellbutrin, Aplenzin, Zyban) is a drug that is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat depression and seasonal affective disorder, as well as to help people stop smoking. 1 Doctors ...

    ... appetite. Long periods of wakefulness/insomnia. In addition to displaying the physical effects of ... are to occur, making this an especially dangerous side effect for abusers. 2 Wellbutrin overdose has been known to ... continue reading
  • Effects of Smoking Marijuana While Pregnant and How to Quit Weed Smoking Weed

    Effects of Marijuana on a Developing Fetus Although marijuana is one of the most widely used illicit drugs, there is limited data on the prevalence of marijuana use among pregnant women. One report estimated marijuana use during pregnancy to be ...

    ... effects could last forever. 6 Marijuana's Effects on the Baby After Birth Our understanding of the effects ... course of normal brain development, 9 the long-term effects of human intrauterine exposure to marijuana is poorly ... continue reading
  • Opioid Use: Signs of Misuse, Adverse Effects, and Treatment

    Opioids are substances that are known for their pain-relieving effects. They include both legal and some illegal substances that may have the potential for misuse, which can potentially lead to dependence and/or addiction. 1 If you or someone you ...

    ... , can create a rewarding sense of euphoria. This effect can make a person want to repeat the experience that ... coma, or death due to a lack of oxygen. Long-term effects of opioid use can include: 14 An increased risk of ... continue reading
  • Ambien Abuse Side Effects, Symptoms, and Addiction Treatment

    What Is Ambien Used For? Ambien is a brand name for zolpidem tartrate , a sedative drug that is prescribed to treat insomnia (difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep). Other brand name formulations containing zolpidem include: Edluar—a ...

    ... activities the day after taking the medication. Side Effects of Ambien Abuse Ambien abuse can lead to ... or anxiolytic use disorder as: Taking a drug for longer than intended. Unsuccessful attempts to cut down or cease ... continue reading
  • Codeine Addiction: Effects, Dangers, and Treatment

    Codeine is a prescription opioids painkiller that, while generally safe when taken as prescribed, has a high potential for misuse and addiction. 1,2 Misusing codeine to experience a euphoric “high,” 3 increases the potential risks of developing ...

    ... an addiction to codeine is greater if a person takes more than prescribed by their provider. 4 Codeine Side Effects and Risks Codeine, like all opioids, is a narcotic analgesic (pain killer). In addition to blunting or ... continue reading
  • Amphetamine Addiction Signs, Symptoms, Effects, and Treatment

    Amphetamines are prescription medications or illegal substances that are also known as stimulants, as they speed up your metabolism and increase your alertness. When legally prescribed, they are typically used to treat attention-deficit ...

    ... Amphetamines act on the brain to produce a stimulating effect throughout the rest of the body. The brain ... use, but they have a slower onset and last longer. 1 The effects of amphetamine addiction and misuse can include: 1 ... continue reading
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